2004-2006年昆明市学校突发公共卫生事件特点分析

Analysis on public health emergencies in schools of Kunming from 2004 to 2006

目的了解昆明市学校内突发公共卫生事件的分布及特征,为预防控制及有效处理学校内的突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对2004-2006年昆明市学校突发公共卫生事件进行分析。结果2004-2006年昆明市共报告学校内突发公共卫生事件122起,突发公共卫生事件以传染病为主,依次为流行性腮腺炎、水痘;其次是食物中毒和感染性腹泻;发生高峰出现在3～6月及10～12月份。结论昆明市发生的突发公共卫生事件主要集中在乡村学校,其中村级小学发生率最高;呈逐年上升趋势。通过流行病学分析,提出了相应的预防与控制措施。

Objective The study was conducted to investigate the distribution and characteristics of public health emergencies in schools of Kunming, providing evidence for the prevention and control of public health emergencies in schools. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the public health emergencies in schools of Kunming from 2004 to 2006. Results A total of 122 public health emergencies were reported to have occurred on campus in Kunming city. Infectious diseases had constituted a major part of the public health emergencies, and mumps was the dominating disease followed by chickenpox, and then food poisoning and infectious diarrhea. The peak occurred during March to June and October to December. Conclusion The public health incidents, indicating an upward trend by year, occurred mainly in rural schools, while primary schools in villages having the highest incidence rates. Public health emergencies in schools endanger the students＇ physical and mental health and safety of their lives. Corresponding prevention and control measures have been proposed based upon the epidemiological analysis.