燹公盨铭文再考

A New Study on the Inscription of Duke Bin's Xu(盨)

"△"公盨铭例特异,前所未见,文辞古奥,艰涩难读。文章在诸家考释的基础上,对△公盨的句读、语词、句子之缺省成分以及铭文性质提出了新的看法。文章指出,"敷土、隓山、濬川"是大禹治水的三种方法,对此句的理解,必须充分注意大禹的神性。"■(擣)方"指禹平定下土之后,对四方不服势力的征讨。"降民、监德"是两个并列的动宾结构。"康亡不楙"读为"康娱丕懋",义即安乐勤勉。"孝友■明"指四种德行,即孝于父母,友于兄弟,忧恤贫病,明察是非;"■"释■,相当于《周礼·大司徒》"六行"之一的"恤"。"好祀"义即"宜祀"。"复"训安,"克"训肩任。通过对与△字相关字形的全面梳理,释△字为"豳"。盨铭与《尚书》"诰"体相同,可名之曰"豳诰",通篇都是豳公的告诫之辞,是一篇独立的文章,其铸造目的当如中山王方壶所云"明■之于壶而时观焉",亦如史■簋所说"其于之朝夕鉴"。文章对以大禹开篇的原因及"德"的问题也进行了探讨。

The paper puts forwad fresh views on the punctuating, words, sentence ellipsis and the features of the inscription of Duke Bin＇ s Xu （盨）, pointing out that Dayu＇s divinity should be taken into account in order to understand the sentence f utu （ 敷土） , h uishan （ 隓山 ）, j unch uan （ 濬川 ） -- three methods of flood control, and defining the senses of the words such as daofang（ 方）,xiao you xu ruing （ 孝友 Xu 明）, haosi （好祀） , f u （ 复 ）, ke （ 克）, bin （ ） etc. In addition, an intensive exploration has been made on the issue of De（德） and the reasons why Dayu＇s myth was used as an introduction to the inscription.