乳品中的核苷酸及其对婴儿的生物学功效

Nucleotides in dairy and the related biology function to infants

本文阐述了乳品中的核苷酸成分,分析比较了核苷酸在体内的吸收,并对核苷酸生物学功能和对婴儿的营养保健功能作了综述。与人乳相比,牛乳中的核苷酸成份主为乳清酸,其他核苷酸含量甚微。基于牛乳的婴儿配方奶粉也是如此。核酸及其组成物质时入消化道后,很快降解成核苷酸并被吸收,多数停留在肠道的上皮细胞中,并经呼吸和尿液排出体外。小部分则参与体内其它细胞的代谢及合成核酸大分子等。核苷酸除具有常见的生物功能外,乳品的核苷酸还具有特定的生理功能,尤其是对婴幼儿。婴儿配方粉中添加核苷酸,对提高婴儿的免疫功能,增加铁的吸收,影响脂蛋白的代谢,改善肠道有益菌群,完善肠道功能和肝功能及促进生长有一定的意义,并越来越为各国所重视。近年来中国也提倡婴儿配方粉中添加核苷酸。

Components of nucleotides in dairy products and absorption of nucleotides in vivo were expatiated. Biology function and nutrient healthcare to infant were also reviewed. Compared with human milk, nucleotide ingredients in the cow＇s milk were mainly orotic acid. Other nucleotides were very minimal, as well as in infant formula based on cow＇s milk. When nucleic acid and derivates entered digestive tract, they were degraded into nucleotides quickly and absorbed soon. Most discharges were localized in the intestinal epithelial cells and excreted outside by breath and urine. Small part of discharges took part in metabolism in other cells and synthesis of nucleic acid macromolecules. Except the common biological function, nucleotides in dairy had specific physiological function, particularly to young baby and infant. If nucleotides were added into infant formula, they may increase infant＇s immunologic function, enhance the iron absorption, affect the lipoprotein metabolism, improve the beneficial intestinal flora, perfect the function of intestine and liver and promote the growtth. These functions had been taken more and more attention in each country. In recent years, nucleotides had also been advocated to add into infant formula.