电解均匀沉淀法制备纳米二氧化锆粉体及其机理

Preparation of Nanometer ZrO_2 Powders by Electrolytic and Homogeneous Precipitation and its Forming Mechanism

利用阴离子交换膜将电解槽分为两室,控制阴极电流密度为100A／m^2，在电解过程中不断消耗阴极室溶液中H^＋,促使ZrO^2＋与阴极均匀释放的OH^-进行水解反应．形成ZrO2·xH2O均匀沉淀。在600℃焙烧温度下保温2h，XRD和TEM分析表明：ZrO2粉体为四方晶型，呈球形，粒径约为30～50nm。讨论了焙烧温度对纳米ZrO2粒度的影响。同时对纳米ZrO2形成机理进行了初步的探讨研究。

The electrolytic cell was divided ifito the cathode chamber and anode chamber by the anion-exchanging membrane. Under the electrolyzing process with the current density of 100A/m^2 on the cathode hydrogen ions were consumed continually in the cathode chamber. Zirconyl ions were hydrolyzed with hydroxide ions produced homogeneously by electrolyzing on the cathode and homogeneous precipitation of hydrous zirconia were formed. XRD and TEM analyses show that zirconia powders are tetragonal phase and spherical in shape with the average size of particles ranging from 30 to 50 nm after calcined at 600℃ for 2h. The influence of the calcination temperature on nanometer ZrO2 particle size is discussed. The mechanism of forming nanometer ZrO2 powders is elementarily investigated in this paper.