采矿区土壤重金属污染生态修复研究进展

Current situation of soil heavy metal pollution and ecoremediation in mining area

本文阐述了矿区土壤重金属污染的评价方法和土壤重金属污染的植物、微生物的修复技术。探讨了植物修复特点以及研究动态、植物修复技术目前尚存在的某些不足和今后努力的方向;阐明了土壤微生物修复的机理,指出以较敏感的土壤微生物作为指示生物,确定土壤中重金属的最大允许浓度;展望了以生物技术培育对重金属具降解能力的微生物应用前景,为土壤重金属污染的整治及其生态修复提出新途径。

Ecological repair of the soil heavy metal pollution is one of the significant means that the pollution is remedyed. It is the research heatpoint in the world at the moment and is also the mere amicable environmental technique in the soil pollution remediation now. This thesis elaborates the soil heavy metal pollutants＇ origin, distribution and risk, and techniques of phytorepair and microorganism repair in soil heavy metal pollution. As to phytorepair technique, this thesis introduces its concept, element, forms, characteristics and its research developments, and the specific properties of plants which accumulate heavy metals exceedingly, and also discusses its shortages for the mement and endeavors needed in the future. As to microorganism repair technique , this paper elucidates its element, points out that it can take relatively sensitive soil microorganisms as indicating organisms to determin peak concentration permitted in the soil, and expects the applying prospects of microorganisms which are capable of degradeing heavey metals and cultivated by biotechnology.Both the two techniques put forward a new approach of soil heavey metal pollution remediation and ecological repair.