氨基酸生物合成抑制剂类除草剂作用机理及耐除草剂转基因植物研究进展

Advances in Mechanism of Herbicide in Inhibiting Amino Acid Biosynthesis and Herbicide-tolerant Transgenic Plants

氨基酸是植物体内必不可少的物质,在植物的生长代谢中发挥着重要作用。与动物不同,植物的氨基酸供给全部靠自身来合成,一旦植物的氨基酸合成受阻,植物便难以继续生存。因此,植物氨基酸合成中的关键酶一直是新型除草剂研发中重要的靶标酶。在目前已经商品化的除草剂中,通过抑制植物氨基酸生物合成中的关键酶活性而发生作用的除草剂占很大比重;与此同时,随着植物转基因技术的不断发展完善,大批耐氨基酸生物合成抑制剂类除草剂转基因植物相继问世,成为了耐除草剂类转基因植物的主体。综述了常用的耐氨基酸生物合成抑制剂类除草剂、作用机理及耐除草剂转基因植物的研究进展。

Amino acids are crucial to plants and play an important role in plant＇ s biological process. Plants must synthesize all needed amino acids. Once the amino acid biosynthesis being inhibited, the plants will be difficult to survive, hence the key enzymes concerned with the amino acid biosynthesis remain to be the important targets during the development of new herbicides. Herbicides designated as amino acid biosynthesis inhibitors take up a large proportion among the commercialized herbicides, at the same time, along with the development of plant transgenic techniques, a great deal of transgenic plants tolerant to herbicidal inhibitors of amino acid biosynthesis come out and become the main body of transgenic herbicide-tolerant plants gradually. The currently commercialized herbicidal inhibitors of amino acid biosynthesis, functional mechanism and the advance in transgenic herbicide-tolerant plants were reviewed.