北京社会极化与空间分异研究

SOCIAL POLARISATION AND SEGREGATION PHENOMENON IN BEIJING

本文论述了北京近年来经济体制改革和社会主义市场经济制度运行对城市社会结构的影响，尤其集中在：（１）城市社会极化及其动力机制；（２）新城市贫困现象及其原因；（３）城市社会空间分异及其变化趋势等。

The biggest change in Beijing during the last decade was its social structure. The transition is changing the existing situation of social “equality”, and leads to polarization both in individual communities and in society as a whole. As a result, social variations and conflicting interest are growing, and some new social groups are emerging. In this paper we seek to explore a new urban phenomenon on past 1984 Beijing: social polarization and segregation. At first, we will discuss some elements explaining social polarization. The elements and the processes can be traced back to two main aspects of the economic reforms, namely the internal reforms unleashing a huge rural exodus and the open door policy. Special attention will be paid to the new lower side of the social ladder, constituted by the rural immigrants, labeled floating population. Finally we will explore how these social changes translate into urban segregation, with some consideration for future developments.