固体地球科学与全球变化研究

SOLID EARTH SCIENCE AND GLOBAL CHANGE

固体地球科学要积极参与全球变化的研究。全球增暖的温室气体ＣＯ２增率与大气升温呈正相关性。第四纪的最末１．５Ｍａ间有１７次冰期，其成因可能与米兰科维奇周期律有关。除现今估算的人类每年燃料排放的ＣＯ２量外，地球内部由火山和地震等的大地构造原因释放的ＣＯ２量需定量估算，甚至可能是大气ＣＯ２增率的主要来源。我国文化历史悠久，对历史中的盛世与气候变迁关系应深入研究。我国的自然条件复杂而独特。

The Earth is comprised of solid earth, hydrosphere and atmosphere which were originated from the proto planet earth material by the processes of earth system in interaction of differentiation and degassing. The global change is derived from the earth system in superposition of the behavior of human activity on the whole. In this process the solid earth science has a great chance to make contributions to study of the joining research on the global change programme. The greenhouse effect of CO 2 causes the global warming phenomenon approved surely by the relation compatible with its increasing in atmosphere. The solid earth science study shows that the 17 periods of glaciation had been taking place in duration over the last 1 5Ma in Quaternary which might be related with the Milankovitch cycles without human activity effects. Except the large quantity of CO 2 in 6.4 ×10 9 tons per year caused by all kinds of manmade fuel combustion, there is also a tremendous quantity of CO 2 as components stored in the earth interior and released into atmosphere mainly by volcanic explosions along volcanic chains and mid ocean ridges and by earthquake process. It is postulated that these kinds of mantle source CO 2 could be served as the chief contributions in increasing CO 2 to the atmosphere in comparison with the combustion in evaluation, but accurate measurement of CO 2 originated in geotectonic process from the solid earth interior would be carried out in future. In regard to the global change in China, we can see that the complexity of the natural conditions of China might result in some special characters which were differing or deviating from the general global model of the world. It is also worthy to mention that the long history of Chinese civilization is helpful to understand the relationship between the changes of climate conditions and the appearance of prosperous dynasties during the period of the last 5 thousands years.