哮喘患者对疾病认知程度的调查分析

The analysis for the degree of the asthmatic patients＇ understanding of the disease

目的了解哮喘患者对疾病的认知程度，为制定哮喘教育和管理工作计划提供参考依据。方法对门诊101例哮喘患者进行问卷调查，采用面对面的调查方法。结果被调查的101例哮喘患者中，依据病情严重程度分级，哮喘间歇状态占23％，轻度持续占29％，中度持续占30％，重度持续占18％。其中，认识哮喘的炎性本质的占70．3％，认识到吸入糖皮质激素在哮喘治疗中的重要性并坚持作为一线用药的占67．3％，认识到短效β2受体激动剂合理使用指征的占88．1％，对哮喘的治疗目标有正确理解的占71．3％。上述结果均高于亚太地区哮喘现状研究报道的平均水平和1997年北京市哮喘防治学组报道的市内区级医院住院医师和主治医师的认知水平。结论通过对哮喘患者进行长期的系统教育和管理，可以明显提高哮喘患者对疾病的认知水平。

Objective To learn the degree of the asthmatic patients＇ understanding of the disease, and to provide references for formulating the plan of the asthma patient＇s education and management in future. Methods One hundred and one outpatients were surveyed by questionnaire face to face. Results Among 101 patients, the percentages of mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent and severe persistent asthma assessed by current symptom were 23%, 29%, 30%, 18%. Among these patients those who understanding the inflammatory nature of asthma account occupied 70. 3% , those who realizing the importance of inhaled corticosteroids （ICS） and taking ICS as the first-line medicine for asthma occupied 67.3%, those who knowing the indication about rational use of short-acting beta-2-agonists （SABA） occupied 88. 1%, those who realizing the goal of asthmatic therapy occupied 71.3%. All these results were significantly better than both the reporter in the asthma insights and reality in Asia-Pacific and the realizing degree to asthma of the respiratory professionals in Beijing＇s urban district hospitals in 1997. Conclusion After long term systematic education and management, asthmatic patient＇s understanding of the disease has been improved greatly.