接触镍尘的退休矿工肺功能动态观察

Dynamic Observations on Pulmonary Function in Retired Miners Exposed to Nickel Dust

为研究退休接尘矿工肺通气功能损害及其变化规律，在某镍矿对１９８１、１９８８、１９９５年３次均接受肺通气功能测定的３４名退休接尘矿工和２８名对照矿工进行了动态分析。结果表明，退休组每次测定的用力肺活量（ＦＶＣ）和第一秒时间肺活量（ＦＥＶ１）平均值均比对照组低，无论是退休组还是对照组，随着年代的后移，ＦＶＣ、ＦＥＶ１平均值的下降均有统计学意义，但无论是１９８８与１９８１年间，１９９５与１９８８年间，还是１９９５与１９８１年间，退休组ＦＶＣ和ＦＥＶ１年均下降值均比对照组大，退休组ＦＶＣ和ＦＥＶ１异常率的增加、异常程度的加重也均比对照组显著。

Pulmonary ventilation functions were determined dynamically in 34 retired miners exposed to nickel dust and 28 non exposed ones in 1981, 1988 and 1995, respectively to study their damage and change patterns. Results showed that mean forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) were lower in retired miners than those in controls at any time of determination. FVC and FEV 1 lowered with time both in retired or control groups, with statistical significance. However, decrease of FVC and FEV 1 in the retired was more than that in the controls whether during 1981 to 1988, or 1988 to 1995, or 1981 to and 1995. And, proportion of abnormal FVC and FEV 1 increased more and extent of their abnormality was more severe in retired group than those in controls.