2003-2006年临武县麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Linwu County from 2003 to 2006

目的了解临武县2003—2006年麻疹流行病学特征,为更好地预防、控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法对2003-2006年临武县麻疹发病情况进行描述流行病学分析,检测流动人口、常住人口健康儿童的麻疹抗体水平进行分析。结果4年里临武县报告麻疹病例221例,年均发病率为17.67/10万;流动人口、常住人口发病89例、132例,年均发病率80.99/10万、10.59/10万。流动人口、常住人口3～7岁健康儿童的麻疹抗体水平检测147人、150人,麻疹抗体水平≥1:800的阳性保护率为45.57%、72.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.56,P<0.005)。结论流动人口儿童麻疹报告病例的增多是临武县麻疹病例报告急增的主要原因。流动儿童的麻疹抗体阳性保护率过低,存在发病隐患和免疫空白点,是控制麻疹发病急需解决的问题。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Lingwu County from 2003 to 2006, and to provide the scientific basis for establishment of control and prevention strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiclogical study was conducted to analyze the incidence and antibody level of measles among the floating and resident healthy children in Lingwu during the period of 2003--2006. Results A total of 211 measles cases had been reported in Lingwu within the last 4 years and the average annual incidence was 17.67/100,000. Higher incidence （89 cases, 89.99/100,000） was found in the floating children as compared with that from the local resident ones （132 cases, 10.59/100,000）. Among the 3～7 years - old healthy children, the ratio of protective antibodies against measles in the floating children was 45.57 % and it was lower than that in the resident children （72.67%）; there were statistically significant difference between them （X^2 = 22.56, P〈 0. 005）. Conclusions An increasing of measles cases among the floating children has contributed to an ascend- ing trend on incidence of measles in our county. It is a best way to control and eliminate measles that carry out intensifying vaccination timely, especially among the floating children with low- level protective antibodies and blank immunization against measles.