鲍曼不动杆菌的医院感染分布及耐药性研究

Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates

目的了解鲍曼不动杆菌的感染分布及耐药状况,为临床治疗提供依据。方法采用回顾性方法统计分析259株鲍曼不动杆菌的标本来源、感染科室分布及耐药状况。结果259株鲍曼不动杆菌中有209株来自痰液,占80.7%。医院感染鲍曼不动杆菌主要分布在ICU、呼吸科、神经内科等科室。药敏结果显示,鲍曼不动杆菌对常用抗生素耐药性逐年增加,对鲍曼不动杆菌最敏感的抗生素是美罗培南,其次是左氧氟沙星和妥布霉素。鲍曼不动杆菌对氨苄西林、呋喃妥因、美洛西林高度耐受性(>73.5%),且呈多重耐药性。结论医院内获得性鲍曼不动杆菌感染率逐年增加,并对多种抗菌药物耐药,且多重耐药性明显。临床应加强监测,合理使用抗生素,以提高疗效和减缓耐药株的产生。

Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii, and to offer reasonable experimental data for clinical therapeutics. Methods A total of 259 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were retrospectively analyzed according to specimen source, infection in different departments and drug- resistance. Results Among the 259 strains, 209 （80.7 % ） came from sputum specimens. Acinetobacter baumannii strains were mainly distributed in the ICUs, respiratory department, neurology department, and etc. The drug susceptibility reports showed that the bacterial resistance rate to common antimicrobial agents increased annually. Meropenem had the strongest activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, followed by levofloxacin and tobramycin. High resistance rate in ampicillin, nitrofurantoin and mezlocillin （ 〉73..5 % ） was presented. The strains displayed multi- drug resistance as well. Conclusions The rate of nosocomial infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii increases year after year, moreover Acinetobacter baumannii strains show multi- drug resistance. For improving the curative effect and delaying the occurrence of bacteria resistance, it is important to strengthen the clinical monitoring and rationally use antibiotics.