株洲市某女子劳教所2005-2006年新入教人员HIV监测结果分析

Survey on HIV Infection of New Prisoners in a Female Reeducation-through-labor Unit of Zhuzhou from 2005 to 2006

目的了解劳教者与其中吸毒人口感染HIV规律,为采取有效措施遏制HIV在吸毒人群中传播提供科学依据。方法对株洲市某女子劳教所2005-2006年新入教人员进行预防艾滋病相关内容调查与宣传,同时抽取其静脉血进行HIV检测。结果两年共监测了3206例,HIV阳性者121例,阳性率3.77%。其中2005年HIV阳性率为2.66%,2006年HIV阳性率为7.31%,2006年是前一年的2.7(u=5.36,P<0.01)。这些劳教人员主要来自省内,占95%以上,其中省内衡阳地区与岳阳地区所检出的HIV阳性率最高,分别为19.46%与5.83%;这些劳教人员多为青年妇女,18～30岁年龄组人数占90%,HIV阳性者在此年龄段达98%;她们文化程度不高,其中小学及以下文化程度为16.1%,初中文化的占83.70%,高中文化程度者只有5名,无更高学历者。而她们吸毒,主要是静脉吸毒,年限均在2年以上者达75%,其中5年以上者占45%,个别长达15年。她们有性乱史者占调查总数的74.64%,这部分人群未婚或离异者为76%,就是已婚者(24%)也是名存实亡。艾滋病对上述人群更是肆无忌惮,其中静脉吸毒者在2年以上者中HIV阳性人数者占97%。调查进一步发现,吸毒人员一方面共用注射器(针头)占60%;另一方面不惜出卖肉体以卖养吸,不使用安全套(67%),从而加速了艾滋病的蔓延和传播。结论静脉吸毒人群仍是目前株洲市HIV的主要病源;吸毒人员由于吸毒成瘾,他们不但吸空了自己的家产,吸散了家庭与婚烟,而且吸坏了身体,染上HIV,传播艾滋病,当务之急应积极采取相关措施预防艾滋病在静脉吸毒人群中传播。

Objective To investigate the transmission route and characteristics of HIV infection among the prisoners, and to provide the scientific basis for effective prevention of HIV/AIDS in drug users. Measure New comers in a Female Reeducation - through - labor Unit of Zhuzhou duringl the period of 2005～2006 were investigated and propagandized AIDS - related knowledge, and then conducted HIV serological tests. Result All together 3,206 inmates were involved, including 121 HIV positives, which accounted for 3.77%. It was 2.66% in 2005 and 7.31% in 2006, which had an increment of 2.7 times. Most of the HIV positive inmates were from our province （95 % ） ; and the majority of them came from Hengyang and Yueyang which accounted for 19.46 % and 5.83 % respectively. Young females aged between 18 and 30 years accounted for 90 %, and 99 % of the HIV positives were from this age group. They were lowly educated, 16.1% of them graduated for pri- mary school, 84.0 % from middle school, 5 from high school, without higher educated graduates. 75 % of them were intravenous drug users with more than 2 - year history of drug addiction, 45% had history of drug use over 5 and even 15 years individually. The people with promiscuity accounted for 74.64 %, 76 % were single or divorced females, and 24 % were in unsta- ble marriages. HIV virus was extremely dangerous for them. HIV positives in addicts with more than 2 year history of intravenous drug use accounted for 97%. The investigation showed 60% of the addicts shared the syringe needles; some of them earned their living and afforded the drug as prostitutes, and 67% never used condoms, hence AIDS transmission and infection increased rapidly. Conclusion： The results suggest that IV drug use is the main channel of HIV transmission and infection in Zhuzhou at present. The drug users overspend their wealth, destroy their families, and lose their dignity. Relevant measures should be taken actively and urgently to prevent AIDS transmission among IV drug users.