护理伦理道德教育与实践

The education and practice of nursing ethics

医学院校的伦理道德教育多注重从思想和理念上育人。现代护理观认为：护理道德是职业道德，道德行为不仅是社会行为，也是护理行为。不应将伦理道德学看成是“书斋文化”，而要充分发挥其知识功能和实践功能，让德育观念指导护理实践的全程，通过伦理道德社会作用的四个方面，完成整体道德形象的塑造：①注重规范作用，将理念具体化；②运用德育的教化作用，驱动人格的理想化；③发挥德育的促进作用，加速护理实践的现代化；④认识德育的辐射作用，扩大学术视野的宏观化。同时加强针对性、实用性教育，紧扣时代脉搏，将德育信念转化为道德行为习惯，解决道德境界与专业技术相统一的问题，使德育与临床实践相衔接。

The ethics education of medical schools emphasizes theoretical inculcation. According to the modern concept of nursing, the nursing ethics is professional ethics. An ethical behavior is not only a social behavior, but also a nursing behavior. The ethics should not be theated as “library culture”, but must be given full play to its knowledge and practice function, making the whole course of nursing practice under the guidance of the ethical concept. The whole ethical image must be built through the four phases of the social roles of ethics: ①to emphasize the role of ethics standard and concretize the ethics theory; ②to spark the idealization of personalities with the aid of the educational role of ethics; ③to give full play to the promotive role of ethics to speed up the modernization of nursing practice; ④to recognize the radiative effect of ethics to expand our academic horizon. At the same time, pointed and practical education must be intensified to be in close step with the times and to convert theoretical concept into behavior and practice. The problem of uniting ethical boundary with medical technology should be solved to make ethics meet clinical practice.