太极拳锻炼对防止老年人跌倒作用机制的研究

A study on mechanism of Taijiquan exercises in senile people to prevent fall

[目的]研究太极拳锻炼防止老年人跌倒的作用机制。[方法]社区中53名老年人被随机分配到太极拳组和对照组,太极拳组进行为期10周的简化24式太极拳的培训和锻炼,对照组依原常规生活;干预前后对老年人进行功能评估(包括单腿支撑时间、10m往返步行时间、直体前屈和反应能力)。[结果]太极拳组老年人单腿支撑时间、增强直体前屈和反应能力较对照组增加(P<0.05),对10m往返步行时间无显著影响(P>0.05)。[结论]太极拳锻炼能够增强老年人平衡能力、反应能力,改善身体柔韧性,从而达到防止老年人跌倒的目的。

Objective： To study the mechanism of Taijiquan exercises in senile people to prevent fall. Methods： A total of 53 senile people in community were divided into Taijiquan group and control group randomly. Senile people of Taijiquan group had been carried out simplified 24 - type Taijiquan training and exercises for ten weeks. Senile people of control group were kept on their original life style. Before and after intervention, all senile people were evaluated on their functions including single leg supporting time, ten meter to and fro walking time, straightly body anteflect and response ability. Results： Taijiquan exercises can significantly increase single leg supporting time and strengthen both straightly body anteflect and response ability for senile people （ P 〈 0.05）. However, in terms of ten meter to and fro walking time, there was no statistical significant difference between the two group cases （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Taijiquan exercises could enhance the balance ability, response ability and improve body flexibility of senile people so as to prevent fall for them.