中国前近代知识分子围绕城市的话语--从日中比较的观点进行探讨

Concerning Discourse of Pre-Modern Chinese Intellectuals upon City and Urbanity——On the Basis of Comparison between China and Japan

在比较中日近代化进程的时候,我们知道城市状况上的差异与两国近代化的快慢情况有着很大的关联。前近代的中国社会由拥有人口众多、文化设施完备的少数大城市与绝大多数的乡村组成,而由超过两百个封建领国组成的江户时期的日本,城市与乡村的差异远没有中国那么巨大。两个文明在城市形态上的差异,在知识分子的精神气质与意识形态上表现出微妙的差异。

When we draw a comparison of modernization between China and Japan, we will find that the difference of city features between China and Japan has a relationship with the advancement of the modernization of two civilizations. In pre-modern China, the situation was that on one hand there were few metropolises with huge population and established cultural infrastructure and on the other there was a vast majority of poor rural villages. But in the Edo Period in Japan, the difference between cities and rural villages was far smaller than that in China. I think that the difference of city features between China and Japan led to the subtle difference of ethos and ideology of respective intellectuals. This paper will try to clarify the features of modernization in China and in Japan by comparison of the discourse on city and urbanity.