法国对外文化政策的欧洲化与认同问题

The Europeanisation of French Foreign Cultural Policy and the Issue of Identity

法国是世界上最早制定对外文化政策的国家之一,其对外文化政策打着鲜明的服务于法国国家利益的烙印。但是,自上世纪七八十年代起、特别是进入九十年代以来,这一民族色彩浓厚的政策,在管理机构、主要政策工具、执行机构等一系列环节都悄然发生变化,出现了一定程度的欧洲化。本文首先介绍欧洲化的具体表现,进而探讨欧洲化背后的深层动因;鉴于对外文化政策往往含有"认同"目的或常常在客观上导致"认同"效应,最后探讨法国对外文化政策的欧洲化对认同建构的影响。

France is one of the countries who have the longest history in formulating a foreign cultural policy, characterized by an obvious mark of service for its national interests. However, ever since the 1970s and the 1980s, and especially after the 1990s, gradual changes have taken place in French foreign cultural policy, including its managing authorities, major policy instruments and implementing institutes,displaying a certain degree of Europeanisation . This paper first introduces the manifestations of this Europeanisation, then explores the deep-going dynamics behind this process and finally discusses the influences of the Europeanisation of French foreign cultural policy on identity construction, since a foreign cultural policy usually either aims at 'identity' itself or leads to the effect of 'identity'.