十年来四川省入境和国内游客的空间聚集性分析

A Study of Spatial Centralization of Domestic and Inbound Tourists in Sichuan Province in the Past Decade

本文系统收集了1996-2005年四川省21个地(市)的国际国内客流量数据,利用集中率(CRn)和聚集度指数(HHI),对其地域分布格局进行了定量分析。结果发现:入境旅游的空间集中度高于国内旅游,CRn指标和HHI都有较大的差异;10年内入境旅游和国内旅游的空间集中度在下降,而空间均衡度在逐渐提高,反映出旅游产业发展的地域分布正在逐渐扩张。入境客流量的空间分布受最高级别旅游景点和区位条件的制约,主要集中在中心城市和最高级别的旅游景点上;国内游客的空间分布受A级以上景点丰度、交通区位和区域人口的影响,在地域分布上具有较大的均衡性。

Based on the data collected from sampling international and domestic tourists of 21 cities in Sichuan province in the past decade, the authors did an analysis of spatial tourist distribution pattern by using concentration ratio （CRn） and Heerfenda-Heximan Index （HHI）. The results show that： （1） special concentration ratio of inbound segment is higher than that of domestic segment with quite differed CRn and HHI; （2） both inbound and domestic tourist special concentration ratios have been declining in the last ten years while the special equilibrium is increasing, which indicates that the distribution of tourism industry development is gradually expanding; （3） with high concentration in key cities and top level attractions, the distribution of inbound tourists is restricted with the rack of tourism attractions and locations and the distribution of domestic tourists is affected by attractions abundance, regional population and traffic condition. It also shows that the distribution of domestic tourist market is better balanced than the inbound market from geographic angle.