广东省部分地区3～14岁儿童血铅水平调查

Investigation on Blood Lead Level of Children Aged 3-14 Years in Guangdong Province

目的了解广东省3～14岁儿童血铅水平。方法对2002年广东省居民膳食营养与健康状况调查资料进行分层、整群随机抽样,共调查来自广州市越秀区、深圳市宝安区、肇庆市端州区、韶关北江区、河源市连平县3～14岁常住儿童1905人。采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)法进行血铅含量的测定。结果3～14岁儿童血铅均值为69.55μg/L,血铅值≥100μg/L的儿童占调查人数的16.4%。不同地区的儿童血铅水平及铅中毒率存在差异,韶关地区3～14岁儿童血铅水平及铅中毒率均最高。3岁组儿童血铅水平及铅中毒率最高。男童血铅水平比女童高。结论经济不发达的中小城市及农村儿童的血铅水平及铅中毒率均较高。

Objective To know the blood lead level of children aged 3-14 years in some areas of Guangdong province. Methods Stratified-clustered-random sampling and simple random sampling were used. 1905 children aged 3-14 years were chosen from Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shaoguan, Zhaoqing and Lianping and the blood lead level was tested by ICP-MS. Results The mean lead level of children aged 3-14 years was 69.55μg/L. The rate of exceed standard limit of blood lead was 16.4% （t〉100 μg/L）. The differences of the blood lead level and the rate of lead poisoning of children among different areas were significant. The blood lead level and the rate of lead poisoning of children in Shaoguan were highest in the investigated areas. The blood lead level and the rate of lead poisoning of children aged 3 years were higher than those in the other age groups. The blood lead level of boys was higher than that of girls. Conclusion The blood lead level and the rate of children lead poisoning in the underdeveloped cities and rural areas are higher.