水资源系统利用最优化研究

A STUDY ON OPTIMUM USE OF WATER RESOURCES SYSTEMS

当前世界上人类面临的粮食、人口、能源、自然资源和环境保护都直接和间接地涉及到水资源问题。人口的增加 ,造成生活、农业、工业和其他方面对水资源数量需求的急剧增长。各产业的发展又给自然界的水分循环、水量平衡和水污染等方面带来了新的问题 ,进而影响到生态系统的平衡 ,环境质量的下降。因此 ,无论是从当前 ,还是长远的利益来看 。

In present world, man is confronted with five major problems, i. e. food, population, energy, natural resources and environmental protection, each of which directly or indirectly relates to water resources. The population growth leads to substatially the increase. of the amount of water needed by daily life, agriculture, industry and other fields. The development of industries brings about new problems to the water circulation in nature, and balance of water distribution and population, thus affecting ecological equilibrium and declining of environmental quality. Therefore, it is of both theoretical and practical significance to make reasonable use of water and intensive study of water resources from near or longterm point of view. The paper provides a scientific basis for water resources utilization in Northeast China.