过量饲料氟对仔猪肝脏结构与功能的影响

Effects of Excessive Feed Fluorine on Structure and Function of Liver in Piglets

选用96头体重17kg左右的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔猪,按饲养试验要求分成4组,对照组基础日粮中不添加氟(实测值为26.18 mg/kg),3个试验组分别添加100、250、400 mg/kg氟(氟化钠),进行了为期50天的饲养试验,然后屠宰解剖肝脏并取样分析,研究过量饲料氟对仔猪肝脏结构与功能的影响。结果表明:(1)过量氟使仔猪肝脏肿大、坏死,损伤肝细胞及亚细胞器(线粒体、内质网)的结构,其中250、400mg/kg氟分别使肝重率提高了16.28%(P<0.02)和20.00%(P<0.01);(2)100、250、400mg/kg氟分别使肝细胞线粒体SDH活力降低了19.50%(P<0.05)、29.02%(P<0.01)和23.17%(P<0.03);(3)400mg/kg氟使血清GPT活力升高了36.43%(P<0.05)。上述结果提示,过量饲料氟会损伤仔猪肝脏的组织结构与代谢功能。

Ninety - six piglets （ Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire） with body weight of 17kg were allotted into four groups by weight and sex. Every group included three replicates of eight pigs each. The groups received the same basal diet （containing 26.18mg/kg fluorine） supplemented with 0, 100, 250, 400mg/kg fluorine as sodium fluoride. Results show that 250mg/kg and 400mg/kg fluorine increases the percentage of liver weight to live weight by 16.28% （P 〈 0.02 ） and 20.00% （P 〈 0.01 ） respectively; meanwhile, excessive fluorine apparently injures the structure of hepatocytes, including mitochondrions and endoplasmic reticulum, resulting in liver swelling and necrosis. In addition, 100,250 and 400mg/kg fluorine decreases the succinate dehydrogenase activity of hepatocytes mitochondrion by 19.50% （ P 〈 0.05 ） , 29.02% （ P 〈 0.01 ） and 23.17 % （ P 〈 0.03 ） respectively. 400mg/kg fluorine improves the glutamate pyruvate transminase activity of serum by 36.43 % （ P 〈 0.05 ）. It is implicated that excessive feed fluorine could impair the structure and function of liver in piglets.