财政分权与地区市场分割实证研究

Empirical Study on Fiscal Decentralization and Regional Market Segmentation

财政分权对国内市场一体化进程的影响在实证上仍然是一个有待回答的问题。文章首先利用商品零售价格指数数据测度了378对省际间的市场分割度，随后，利用1986-2005年的省级面板数据检验了财政分权、经济分权、对外开放、FDI、相对财富、政府相对规模、预算外支出占预算内支出比重和地理距离对市场分割程度的影响，重点研究财政分权对市场分割的影响。研究发现，财政分权加剧了市场分割度，尤其是收入分权，而经济分权则降低了市场分割度，有益于市场一体化进程。此外，FDI、对外开放、政府相对规模、预算外支出占预算内支出比重是加剧市场分割的因素，而相对财富的提高则有利于促进国内市场一体化。

The effect of fiscal decentralization on domestic market integration is still an open issue to empirical study. Firstly, this paper measures 378 province-to-province market segmentation degree using regional RPI. Then, this paper uses Chinese provincial panel data from 1986-2005 to study the effects of fiscal decentralization, economic decentralization, opening, FDI, relative wealth, government relative scale, and extra-budgetary ex- penditure proportion of budgetary expenditure, and geographic distance on market segmentation. We focus on the effect of fiscal decentralization. This paper finds that fiscal decentralization especially revenue decentralization strengthens market segmentation, but economic decentralization enhances domestic market integration. Besides this, this paper also finds that FDI, opening, government relative scale, and extra-budgetary expenditure proportion of budgetary expenditure deteriorate market segmentation, but improving of relative wealth can enhance domestic market integration.