益生素和低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生产性能和肠道形态学影响研究

Effect of Supplementation of Probiotics and Xylo-oligosaccharide on Performance and Intestinal Tract Morphology for Weaned Pigs

选用(21±2)日龄PIC五元杂交配套系断奶仔猪240头,进行了益生素和低聚木糖对仔猪肠道形态学影响的研究。试验分成4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复20头仔猪。试验Ⅰ组为正对照组,试验Ⅱ为负对照组,营养水平参照PIC猪营养需要设计,负对照在降低正对照组中鱼粉与乳清粉含量的条件下适当增加豆粕的含量,保证负对照组与正对照组蛋白及能量水平一致。试验Ⅲ和Ⅳ为试验组,分别在负对照的基础上添加益生素350 g/T、低聚木糖200 g/T。试验基础日粮由玉米、豆粕、乳清粉、鱼粉等常规原料组成。研究结果表明:添加益生素和低聚木糖能显著降低仔猪的料重比(P<0.05),显著提高仔猪空肠绒毛长度(P<0.05),对仔猪十二指肠和回肠绒毛长度影响不明显;日粮中添加益生素能显著缩短仔猪十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度(P<0.05);添加低聚木糖有缩短仔猪回肠隐窝深度的趋势;仔猪日粮添加益生素和低聚木糖能显著提高仔猪十二指肠和空肠绒腺比(P<0.05),对仔猪回肠绒腺比影响不显著(P>0.05)。

To study the effects of probiotics and xylo - oligosaccharide on small intestinal morphology in weaned pigs, 240 PIC weaned pigs （21d of age） were randomly allotted into 4 groups with 3 replicates, 10 pigs each replication, for a 30 d performance and digestibility trial. The four groups included control Ⅰ fed basal diet, control Ⅱ fed basal diet cutting down the contents of fish meal and whey powder properly and increasing soybean meal in order to guarantee the coincidence of the levels of protein and energy to control Ⅰ , groupⅢ and Ⅳ fed basal diet supplemented with probiotcs and xylo- oligosaccharide, respectively. The basal diets were formulated according to PIC nutrient needs of pigs and composed of corn, soybean meal, whey powder, fish meal, et al. Results indicate that the addition of probiotics and xylo- oligosaccharide both decreases the feed/gain ratio （P〈 0.05）, improves the villus length on jejunum （P〈 0.05）, but has no apparent effect on duodenum and ileum; the crypt depth on duodenum and jejunum is affected by adding probiotics （P〈 0.05） ; addition of xylo - oligosaccharide decreases the crypt depth. The villus length to crypt depth ratio in pigs fed diets supplemented with probiotics and xylo - oligosaccharide compared with those of control Ⅱ is higher for duodenum and jejunum （P 〈 0.05）, but no apparent effect for ileum （P 〉 0.05）.