老年糖尿病病人健康教育随机对照研究

Randomized control study on the health education of senile diabetes patients

目的 观察健康教育对老年糖尿病（DM）病人病情控制的效果。方法 106例老年糖尿病病人随机分为2组，观察组采用有计划的多种健康教育方式进行多次教育，对照组仅进行入院常规宣教；观察2组病人DM相关知识掌握程度、自我管理能力及空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2小时血糖（2hPBG）及糖化血红蛋白（HbAlC）的变化。结果与健康教育前比较，观察组健康教育后在DM相关知识掌握程度上，属很好、较好、合格、不合格的均有明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），与对照组比较，各项观察指标也均有明显好转，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；与健康教育前比较，观察组健康教育后每周自我保健行为各观察指标次数均有显著增加，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），与对照组比较，也有显著改善，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；与健康教育前比较，观察组FBG、2hPBG及HbAlc均有显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），与对照组比较，各值也有明显改善，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论 有计划的健康教育是帮助控制老年糖尿病病人病情的有效措施，值得在临床上推广应用。

Abstract Objective To observe theeffect of health education on controlling the condition of senile diabetes patients. Method About 106 cases senile diabetes patients were divided into 2 grbups by randomized method. Multiple designed health educations were used to the observed group, while the control group only accepted the routine publicity after the hospital admission. The changes of the prehension degree of the knowledge related with diabetes, self-management ability, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, postprandial 2 hour blood sugar （2hPBG） and glycosylated hemoglobin （HbAlc） were observed. Result Comparing with the condition before health education, the comprehension degrees of diabetes-related knowledge of the observed group had obvious improvements, including very good, better, qualified and unqualified degrees. The differences have statistical meaning（P〈0. 01）.In the contrast with control group, all the indexes have apparent improvements too, and the differences also have statistical meaning（P〈0. 01）.Comparing with the condition before health education, all the indexes of the self- health care behavior of the observed group each week have significant increase after the health education, and the differences have statistical meaning（P〈0. 01）.It also has great improvements in the contrast to the control group, and the differences have statistical meaning （P〈0. 01）. Comparing with the condition before health education, FBG, 2hPBG and HbAlc of the observed group decreased apparently, and there differences have statistical meaning （P〈0. 01）. In the contrast with the control group, each value has obvious changes too, and the differences have statistical meaning （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Planned health education is an effective means to help the control of the condition of senile diabetes patients. It is deserved to be spread and applied in the clinic.