关节镜术在治疗关节外疾病中的应用

Application of arthroscopic treatment for exterior joint diseases

目的对关节外体表囊腔肿块采用关节镜手术,并对疗效进行探讨。方法2001年7月～2006年9月,对39例体表囊腔肿块采用关节镜下手术的方法进行治疗,其中髌前滑囊炎21例、髌前滑囊血肿5例、皮下血肿7例、大转子滑囊炎4例、月国窝囊肿2例。治疗效果依据疼痛、肿胀、感染、皮肤麻木、伤口愈合及关节活动度6个方面进行评价。结果全部患者均获得随访,随访时间5～26个月。所有患者局部皮肤都表现有不同程度的凹陷形成,无1例感染,关节活动正常,3例患者局部皮肤有麻木感或僵硬感,4例患者表现有针刺样疼痛感觉。结论关节镜手术治疗关节外体表囊腔肿块,方法简单,瘢痕小,反应轻,恢复快,不仅可取得开放手术同样的效果,而且避免了传统治疗方法的缺点。

[Objective] To study the arthroscopic technique for treating superficial cystoid masses of exterior joints and discuss the treatment effects. [Methods] From July 2001 to September 2006, 39 cases suffered from superficial cyst masses of exterior joints were treated with arthroscopic technique, among which 21 cases with prepatellar bursitis, 5 cases with prepatellar bursit hematoma, 7 cases with subcutaneous hematoma, 4 cases with trochanterior bursitis, and 2 cases with popliteal fossa cyst. The effect of endoscopic treatment was evaluated in 6 aspects：pain, tumidness, infection, numbness of skin, wound healing and action territory of joint. [Results] All patients received followed-up from 5 to 26 months, different hollow appearance formed on local skin in every case, no infection was found, the action of joint was normal, 3 cases felt numb or stiff in local skin, and prickly sense was found among 4 cases. [Conclusion] The arthroscopic technique for treating superficial cystoid masses of exterior joints has advantages such as smaller scar, simple manipulation, little reaction, fast recovery. It could get the same effect as opening operation and avoid the defects of traditional method.