内蒙古沙漠化土地中不同土地类型土壤表面可蚀性颗粒对比研究

Contrast of the Character of Erosive Particles in Different Soil Types on Desertification in Inner Mongolia

土壤粒度分布对土壤风蚀具有直接的影响作用,研究不同土地类型的粒度特征及其可蚀性粒度状况对了解不同尺度上土壤特性的空间异质性和土壤侵蚀、土壤利用变化对土壤的影响程度和尺度具有重要的参考价值。就内蒙古境内4个沙化地区典型土地类型的粒度特征进行比较研究,认为不同土地类型沙化土地间表土的粒度性质存在显著差异,移动沙丘最为粗化且分选较好,峰值较大,其次为各类沙丘,各地以耕地或草地最为细化,分选较差,峰值平缓,表现出风蚀沙化的阶段性。就可蚀性粒径而言,各地以固定沙丘、耕地的颗粒物可能释放较少,而退化草原、移动沙丘、半固定沙丘等土地类型颗粒物可能释放较多。就起尘粒径而言,各地的起尘颗粒以耕地和地带性草原植被的含量最大,其次为退化草原,而各类沙丘含量较小。说明合理利用草场资源和保护性耕作的重要性。

The distribution of edaphic granularity has direct effect on wind erosion, it has important value for reference to research the characters of granularity on different soil types and the status on granularity of erosion,it can show that the characters of spacial heterogeneity on the soil＇s speciality in different scale, the soil erosion, the change of land use and the effect degree on the soil. This article studies on the contrast of the character about erosive particles in the four typical sandiness area in Inner Mongolia,it shows that there has distinct difference in the characters of granularity on the topsoil in sandiness area of the different soil types. The conclusion shows that the mobile dune is thicker than the other dunes,and the peak value is big,the infield and the lawn is thinner than the other place, the peak value is calm,it shows that the desertification of wind erosion has the character of phase. From the granularity of the erosion and the appear dust show,the particles on the immobile dune and the infield maybe release little in the prophase,but they maybe release much in the degenerative grassland, the mobile dune, half-immobile dune in the prophase. The particles＇ content of appear dust is most on the plant in the infield and the grassland on the belt, the second is the degenerative grassland,the content of the other dunes is small.