新疆平原灌区盐碱地改良利用区划研究

Study on Regionalization of Saline Land Reclamation in the Plain Irrigation Districts of Xinjiang

以新疆尉犁县平原灌区为例，选取控制盐碱地形成和改良利用难易程度的包气带岩性、地下水埋深、地下水矿化度、O～60cm土壤含盐量等4个主导因子，在分级赋权的基础上，对4个主导因子进行叠加分析，获得了定量的盐碱地改良利用区划结果。包气带岩性组合分为粉沙／粉细沙、粉沙／亚粘土、粉细沙／亚粘土／细沙、粉土／细沙和亚粘土／粉细沙；地下水埋深划分为小于1．0、1．0～2．0、2．0～3．0、3．0～5．0和大于5．0m；地下水矿化度划分为小于1．0、1．0～2．0、2．0～3．0、3．0～10．0和大于10．0g／L；0～60cm土壤含盐量划分为小于3、3～6、6～10、10～20和20g／kg。改良利用区划结果为易改良利用亚区（2．35％）、较难改良利用亚区（48．47％）、难改良利用亚区（48．59％）和不宜改良利用亚区（0．59％）。

This paper takes the plain irrigation area of Yuli County, Xinjiang as an example for analysis. Lithologic characters of vadose zone, groundwater depth, mineralization degree of groundwater and salinity in top 0-60 cm soil layer are selected as dominant factors controlling formation and utilization and reclamation of saline land. According to grading weights, we make the overlapping analysis of the 4 dominant factors, and gain results of regionalization of utilization and reclamation of saline land in the research area. Lithologic characters of the vadose zone are silt/fine silt, silt/mild clay, silt loam/mild clay/fine silt. Groundwater depths are divided into less than 1 m, 1～2 m, 2～3 m, 3～5 m and bigger than 5m. Mineralization degrees of groundwater are divided into less than 1 g/L, 1～2 g/L, 2～3 g/L, 3～10 g/L and bigger than 10 g/L. The salinity in top 0～60 cm soil layer are divided into 〈3, 3～6, 6 ～10, 10～20 and 20 g/kg. Results of regionalization of utilization and reelamation of saline land are easy sub-area （2. 35% in aereage）, relatively difficult sub-area （48. 47% in aereage）, diffieult sub-area （48. 59% in aereage） and not reelaimable sub-area （0. 59% in acreage）.