江西省低保户农民对新型农村合作医疗认知的调查研究

Investigation of the Jiangxi Province Low-income Farmer’s Cognition to New-type Rural CMS

目的了解新型农村合作医疗(简称新农合)实施以来,低保户农民对其认知情况,为正确评价新农合在低保户农民中的实施效果提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样法抽取江西省3个县、9个乡镇和27个行政村,共入户调查低保户375户。结果在所有被调查的375户低保户中,99.7%的低保户都参加了新农合,30.1%的低保户报销过门诊费用,48.5%的低保户知道怎样报销住院费用,58.9%的低保户知道国家为其参加合作医疗出资,但只有13.9%的低保户知道国家为每人出多少钱,有21.1%的低保户或家人报销过住院费用,并有78.9%的低保户知道周围有人报销过住院费用。所有报销过住院费用的低保户农民都认为合作医疗住院费用报销方便,有31.7%的低保户认为报销时服务人员的态度很好,有83.7%的低保户认为新农合制度是公平、公正、公开的,有75.2%的低保户农民知道新农合报销情况定期张榜公布,有99.5%的低保户表示愿意继续参加下一年的新农合。低保户农民对新农合可能带来的好处的认识,前3位分别是"生大病有一定保障"、"医药费可报销一些"和"政府会补贴一些"。在对新农合的意见和担心中,"报销比例低"、"看病更贵"和"报销手续繁琐"占前3位。结论新农合开展以来,低保户农民对新农合有一定的认识和了解,并在一定程度上缓解了低保户农民看病难、看病贵的问题,但还有部分低保户农民对新农合制度不了解,甚至存在一定的误解和顾虑,应进一步加强新农合制度的宣传工作。

OBJECTIVE To understand the low-income farme（s cognition to new-type rural Cooperative Medical System（CMS）since it was carried out, and to offer scientific basis for correct appraisal of new-type rural CMS. METHODS Using stratified cluster random sampling to collect 27 administrative villages and towns form 3 counities in Jiangxi Province, totally 375 low-income households are investigated. RESULTS Of all 375 investigated families, 99.7% have participated in the new-type rural CMS, 30.1% have submitted the clinic expense account, 48.5% know how to submit an expense account in hospital, 58.9% know that the government provides funds for cooperative medical service, but only 13.6% know how much the government contributes for everyone.21.1% have submitted expenses in hospital, and 78.9% know that their neighbors have submitted the expenses in hospital. All farmers who have submit the expenses in hospital feel that the submission is conveient. 31.7% think the attendants are kind and helpful, 83.7% think the new-type rural CMS is fair, just, and open, 75.2% know submitting CMS expense account is published regularly, and 99.5% express willingness to continue participating in the new-type rural CMS next year.Among the new-type rural CMS＇s advantages to the low-income farmers, they think, the top three respectively is ＂getting some medical care security for serious diseases＂, ＂having part of the medical expenses reimbursed＂, ＂government subsidy＂, of suggestion and worrying to new-type rural CMS, the top three are ＂the proportion of reimbursement is low＂, ＂it is more expensive to see a doctor＂ and ＂the procedure of reimbursement is tedious＂ . CONCLUSIONS Since the new-type rural CMS was launched, the low-income farmers, to some extent, have understood and recognized the significance of the new-type rural CMS, and it partly relaxes the problem of inconvenient medical care and expensive medical care. But some of low-income farmers still do not understand it, evenmis understand and worry about it. We should strengthen the propaganda for the new-type rural CMS further more.