缺血性与出血性脑卒中危险因素对比分析

Comparison on risk factors between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

目的探讨缺血性和出血性脑卒中危险因素及其分布的差异。方法收集2003～2005年通辽市6家医院4063例脑卒中患者的人口统计学、个人疾病史、家族疾病史、生活方式因素以及入院时血压、血糖、血脂等资料。用EpiDate软件建立数据库。采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果出血性脑卒中患者的平均收缩压、舒张压、分别为(172.47±34.79),(104.06±19.60)mmHg,血糖为(7.12±3.00)mol/L。以及高血压和高血糖的患病率(分别为90.1%和55.2%)均显著高于缺血性脑卒中患者的收缩压、舒张压分别为(152.28±29.05),(92.10±16.83)mmHg;血糖为(6.68±3.20)mol/L,高血压和高血糖患病率分别为77.5%,40.0%,P均<0.01。缺血性脑卒中患者的(TC)水平(5.13±1.18)mol/L、高甘油三酯血症的患病率为38.5%,以及吸烟率为23.7%显著高于出血性脑卒中患者(4.99±1.17)mol/L,30.0%,20.0%,P均<0.01。结论年龄、吸烟、高脂血症对缺血性脑卒中的危险性更大,而高血压、高血糖对出血性脑卒中的危险性更大。

Objective To explore risk factors and the difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Methods Data for demography,disease history,family history of disease,life style,blood pressure,blood sugar and blood lipids etc,were collected from patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in six hospitals of Tongliao city in Inner Mongolia.EpiDate software was used to set up data bank.All data was entered by means of two entries,and SPSS software version 13.0 was used to analyze the data.Results Means of SBP,DBP,blood sugar were 172.47±34.79,104.06±19.60,7.12±3.00,respectively.Prevalence rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia in hemorrhagic stroke patients were significantly higher than that in ischemic stroke patients（P〈0.01）.The mean of TC（5.13±1.18）and prevalence rates（38.5% and 23.7%）of hypertriglyceridemia and smoking in ischemic stroke patients were significantly higher than that（4.99±1.17,30.0%,20.0%,respectively）in hemorrhagic stroke patients（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Smoking,hyperlipemia were higher risk factors for ischemic stroke,hypertension and hyperglycemia were higher risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke.