云南省抚仙湖和杞麓湖流域土地利用变化对水质的影响

Impacts of land-use change in Fuxian and Qilu basins of Yunnan Province on lake water quality

基于遥感技术和相关性分析方法对云南省2个典型高原湖泊抚仙湖和杞麓湖流域土地利用与湖泊水质关系进行了研究。结果表明:1989—2005年2个流域森林(灌丛)和建筑用地大量增长,荒地和农田有所减少,杞麓湖的污染程度比抚仙湖严重,2个湖泊的水质都呈下降趋势;湖滨200m左右的缓冲带变化明显,且比流域其它土地利用变化对水质影响更大;城镇化和密集的农业耕作产生的面源污染是影响湖泊水质状况持续下降的重要因素,2个湖泊流域的土地利用结构不同也导致二者之间水质的差异。

Based on remote sensing and correlation analysis, this paper examined the relationships between land-use change and lake water quality in Fuxian and Qilu basins of Yunnan Province in 1989-2005. The results showed that in the two basins, forest/shrub land and construction-use land increased largely, while unused and crop lands had somewhat decrease. Qilu Lake was more heavily polluted than Fuxian Lake, and the water quality of the two lakes became worse. The impact of land-use change on lake water quality was more obvious in a 200 m buffer zone around the lakes. Urbanization and intensive farming were the two major factors causing the continued degradation of lake water quality, and the difference in land use structure between the two basins also resulted in the difference in water quality of the two lakes.