水文模拟中壤中流计算方法的研究

Study of the Computational Method of Subsurface Flow in Hydrology Simulation

半干旱半湿润地区径流预报皆有超持与超渗的产流特征,是水文预报中的难点问题,而其中壤中流的计算又是关键,直接关系到模拟的精度。在分析"双超"模型、新安江等产流模型基础上,注意到壤中流可能产生于非饱和土壤及流域空间产流差异的实际,借鉴各模型处理壤中流的优点,用系统模型的思想,对半干旱半湿润地区的壤中流计算模式进行了改进。从实际模拟效果看,改进后的壤中流计算模拟精度大为提高。改进后的计算方法不仅适用于"双超"模型,同时也适用于其它类似模型。

Runoff forecast in the semi-arid and semi-humid region is characterized by the excess holding and excess runoff. The calculation of subsurface flow is the key to solve the problem because it is directly associated with simulation accuracy. Based on the analysis of the ＂double excess＂ model, the Xinanjiang model, and so on, this study finds that subsurface flow maybe occur in unsaturated soil and is induced by spatial difference of runoff generation. By referring to the advantages of subsurface flow model, a calculation modle for subsurface flow in the semi-arid and semi-humid region is developed using the thought of system model. The accuracy of developed calculation model for subsurface flow is then improved by measured dada. The computational method is not only applied to the ＂double excess＂ model, but also other similar models.