以农业废弃物为主的复合基质番茄无土栽培研究

Study on substrates mixed mainly with agricultural wasted staff in soilless culture of tomato

以珍珠岩∶草炭(体积比)=3∶2、花生壳∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=5∶3∶2、玉米芯∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=5∶3∶2等3种复合基质进行番茄无土栽培的比较研究.结果表明:在栽培过程中,3种复合基质容重、持水孔隙度均有不同程度的增大,而通气孔隙度和总孔隙度则呈下降趋势;对照栽培的番茄前期产量最高,达到22 891.5 kg/hm2,总产以花生壳为主的复合基质最高,折合78 210.0 kg/hm2,比对照高11.9%,与对照差异达显著水平,且果实的Vc含量和糖酸比略高于对照.

Three mixed substrates formulas such as perlite ： peat=3 ： 2, peanutshell ： vermiculite ： perlite=5 ： 3 ： 2 and corncob ： vermiculite ： perlite=5 ： 3 ： 2, were prepared and used for tomato soilless culture. The results showed that the bulk density and water-filled porosity of three mixed substrates increased in different degree during soilless cultivation of tomato,but the air-filled porosity and total porosity decreased. The early yield of tomato under the control cultivation was the highest,which reached 22 891.5 kg/hm^2. The treatment of peanutshell ： vermiculite ： perlite=5 ： 3 ： 2 had obtained the highest total yield （amounting to 78 210.0 kg/hm^2）, increasing by 11.9 % more than the control＇s yield and the difference was significant. Its Vc content and sugar/acid in the fruits were a little higher than those of control＇s.