建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会:基于新制度经济学的视角

Building Resource-efficient and Environment Friendly Society——Base on New Institutional Economics Approach

建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,需要在人与自然和谐发展的共有信念下,通过制度创新和制度变迁,实现个体理性向集体理性的收敛。制度变迁是构建资源节约型、环境友好型社会的关键所在,而制度变迁的内在机理是资源相对价格和人们消费偏好的变迁。通过强制性制度变迁,建立完善的法律法规体系、政策支持体系、技术创新体系和激励约束机制,形成低投入、低消耗、低排放和高效率的节约型增长方式;通过诱致性制度变迁,唤起公众的节约意识和环保意识,从而提升整个社会的环境责任感,让足够的认知成为公众自觉行动的能力。

Building a resource- efficient and environment friendly society needed a common faith of human being and nature were harmonious development.Achieving individual rationality converged collective rationality by the institution innovation and institution changed. Institution change was the key of building a resource - efficient and environment friendly society. Inherent mechanism of institution change was the change of resource relative price and people consumed interest. Through compelling institution changed to build complete law system, policy support system, technology innovation system, incentive mechanism and restrict mechanism, forming low devotion, low consume, low emission and high efficiency growth mode. Through inductive institution changed, amusing the public saving consciousness and environment protection consciousness, which could advance whole society obligation of environment, let enough cognition become the public＇ s capability of self- conscious action.