生物强化谷物铁营养状况评价及品种筛选

IRON NUTRITION EVALUATION OF BIO-FORTIFIED GRAIN AND BREED SCREENING

[目的]评价富铁生物强化小麦、玉米各品种对铁缺乏大鼠铁营养状况的改善情况,筛选出优良品种。[方法]用低铁半合成饲料进行大鼠血红蛋白耗竭试验。选取铁缺乏的大鼠,采用L16(24)正交设计方案,按照血红蛋白(Hb)并参考体重将其随机分为16组,每组4只,进行富铁生物强化小麦、玉米的补充试验。观察不同品种生物强化谷物对大鼠体重、Hb、铁蛋白(SF)、肝脏铁(LI)、血清铁(SI)的改善情况,分别计算各品种在各指标上的总效应。[结果]血红蛋白耗竭试验结束时大鼠的Hb值平均为(92.75±6.53)g/L,符合铁缺乏的诊断标准。补充试验前各组大鼠的体重和Hb差异无统计学意义。补充试验后各组大鼠的体重、Hb均增加,与其补充试验前的结果相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。小麦各品种中,中优9507(安阳)在Hb、SF、体重和SI上的总效应较高,京东8号在LI上的总效应最高,中麦9-509在Hb上的总效应最高,豫麦18的各指标总效应最低;玉米各品种中,中铁2号在Hb、SF、体重和SI上的总效应较高,中铁4号在SF和LI上的总效应最高,中铁3号在所有指标上的总效应居中,普通玉米各指标总效应最低。[结论]富铁生物强化小麦、玉米可以改善铁缺乏大鼠的铁营养状况。

[Objective] To evaluate the state of iron deficient rats improved by the bio-fortified grain with high iron content and to select out the superordinary breed. [Methods] The semipurified rodent diet with low iron content was used for the rats＇ hemoglobin depletion experiment. Then 64 iron deficient rats were randomly divided into 16 comparable groups, following the L16 （24） orthogonal design. Every group was fed with one of the 16 kinds of experiment diets, which were made of differen breeds of iron bio-fortified grains. A.fter 33 days, the hemoglobin （Hb）, body weights, serum ferritin （SF）, iron in liver （LI） iron in serum （SI） were measured and every breed＇s effect on every index was calculated. [Results] After 24 days＇ iron depletion experiment, the mean hemoglobin concentration of the rats was （92.75 ± 6.53）g/L. Each group＇s Hb and body weights were both significandy increased （P 〈 0.05）. The wheat breed Zhongyou9507 （Anyang） had higher effects on SF; body weights and SI; Jingdong 8 had the highest effects on LI and Zhongmai 9-509 did on Hb; Yuruai 18 had the lowest effects on all indices. The corn breed Zhongtie 2 had higher effects on Hb, SF, body weights and SI; Zhongtie 4 had the highest effects on SF and LI; Zhongtie 3 had no dominated effects on all indexes. [Conclusion] The bio-fortified grain which is rich in iron could improve the iron nutrition status of rats with iron deficiency.