基于X线的活体骨骼年龄评定方法及其他技术

The Methods Based on X-Ray Plate Estimation of Living Body Age and Other Techniques

国内外通常利用X线片观察骨骼继发性骨化中心的出现和骨骺闭合程度的影像学特征来推断年龄。其中较常用的方法有计数法、计测法、图谱法、评分法及计算机辅助评定骨龄法等。目前国外普遍采用TW评分法,国内也有该评分法的应用报道,主要应用于体育和儿科临床实践中。法医临床学实践中常用六大关节判别方程法推断骨龄和活体年龄推断。其他还有利用牙齿内天冬氨酸的消旋化、骨密度检测以及端粒末端DNA片段长度的变化等年龄推断方法。

The X＇ray plate is applied mostly to observe the emergence of subsequent ossification center and to deduce age using image characteristics of epiphyseal arrest level. There are many methods that are based on the X＇ray plate to estimate living body age, such as the Counting method; measuring method, mapping method, scoring method, computer-assisted method, and etc. The TW scoring method is generally adopted aboard. It is also reported in China and used in sports and paediatric clinical practice. In forensic medicine, the discriminant equation based on six major joints is widely used to estimate bone age and living body age. Other techniques are sometimes applied in estimation of age, concerning the racemation of aspartate in teeth, bone density and alteration of telomere termination fragment length.