野生与养殖银鲳幼鱼氨基酸含量的比较

Comparison on the contents of the somatic aminoacid both in wild and cultured young fish of silvery pomfret Pampus argenteus

比较了野生与养殖银鲳幼鱼氨基酸的含量。结果显示,野生与养殖银鲳鱼体中均以谷氨酸含量最高,组氨酸含量最低,必需氨基酸中均以赖氨酸含量最高,并且四种呈味氨基酸的含量由高到低的顺序均为谷氨酸>天冬氨酸>甘氨酸>丙氨酸。养殖银鲳鱼体中脯氨酸含量较野生银鲳明显升高(变异系数为11.16%),但丝氨酸、酪氨酸及八种必需氨基酸(缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苏氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸及精氨酸)的含量均较野生银鲳低。养殖银鲳氨基酸总量(54.17 g/100 g干物质)与必需氨基酸总量(27.16 g/100 g干物质)均分别低于野生银鲳鱼体中的氨基酸总量(57.92 g/100 g干物质)与必需氨基酸的总量(30.04 g/100 g干物质),变异系数分别为4.74%与7.13%;而呈味氨基酸总量与野生银鲳相比差异较小,变异系数仅为2.66%。养殖银鲳与野生银鲳鱼体中必需氨基酸总量与总氨基酸的比值(EAA/TAA)均较高,分别为50.14%与51.87%。此外,养殖与野生银鲳鱼体中的呈味氨基酸与总氨基酸(DAA/TAA)的比值同样较高,分别为37.92%与36.82%。

The somatic aminoacid composition both in wild and cultured young fish of silvery pomfret Pampus argenteus were analyzed. The results showed that the content of Glu was the highest but the content of His was the lowest among all aminoacids. The content of Lys was the highest among the essential aminoacids. The order of four delicious aminoacids from high to low was Glu, Asp, Gly and Ala both in wild and cultured fish.The content of Pro in cultured fish was evidently higher than that in wild fish, but the contents of Ser, Tyr and eight essential aminoacids （Val, Met, Leu, Ile, Thr, Phe, Lys and Arg） were lower than those in wild individuals. The contents of total aminoacid（54.17 g/100 g dry weight） and total essential aminoacid（27.16 g/100 g dry weight） in cultured silvery pomfret were lower than those（57.92 and 30.04 g/100 g dry weight） in wild ones, the variant coefficient was 4. 74% and 7. 13% respectively. However, there was minor difference in the content of total delicious aminoacid between wild and cultured silvery pomfret, its variant coefficient was 2.66% only. The ratios of total essential aminoacid content to total amino acid content（EAA/ TAA） in cultured and wild silvery pomfret were considerably high, 50. 14% and 51.48, respectively. Additionally, the ratios of total delicious aminoacid content to total aminoacid content（DAA/TAA） in cultured and wild silvery pomfret were also high, 37.92% and 36.82%, respectively.