规划环境影响界定的方法与实例研究

Concept and practice of environmental impact scoping for PEIA

规划环境影响评价隶属于战略环境影响评价的范畴,是国内外环境影响评价发展的一个新的阶段。其评价的方法和内容尚处于研究探索中,并未形成规范的方法系统。以某城市化工园区规划环境影响评价为例,对规划环境影响评价的环境影响界定方法进行初步探讨,提出规划环境影响评价应设置以环境影响识别和层次划分为具体内容的环境影响界定的观点。实例研究表明,在规划环境影响界定中,将规划的决策因子与识别出的主要环境议题联系起来,进行相关性分析和环境影响行为分析是十分有效的。

Planning Environmental Impact Assessment （PEIA）, a new phase of Environmental Impact Assessment （EIA）, belongs to Strategic Environmental Assessment （SEA）. Although method and content of PEIA are popular research subjects, there is yet no established routine for conducting PEIA. Environmental impact identification and tiered approach were two recommended elements of environmental impact scoping which was recognized as a key step in the early stage PEIA. The EIA of a chemical industry district （16 km^2, population=4 500） was presented as a case of environmental impact scoping; it employed the traditional identification methods of EIA combined with decision factors of the plan to screen the major environmental issues of location, scale, layout and industrial structure for ordering the environmental impacts. The results showed that environmental impact scoping linking the decision factors of major environmental issues was highly effective for both correlation analysis and environmental impact behavior analysis.