大美不言——关于科学、艺术、哲学的对话

Natural Beauty without Words:A Dialogue about Science,Art and Philosophy

科学与艺术是两片不同的水域。科学家与艺术家在心灵上的相通,在于他们描摹大自然的时候,都努力趋近天地大造的简洁本源,好的绘画和好的数学都追求简洁。大科学家和大艺术家都需要超凡的想象力,但科学需要逻辑思维,因此科学家的灵性是理性领域的,而艺术家的感悟则是感觉的。艺术家是可以游离在"理"的外面的,但是决不能与"理"为仇寇,要遵循宇宙大造的秩序;而科学家尽管以理性为工具,也要有艺术家的情怀,毕竟科学家的工作也是与天地精神相往还的。艺术家没有解释科学的使命,艺术也不能成为哲学的附庸和注脚,但是艺术家要去了解科学家和哲学家关心的问题;艺术不具有科学那样的正误性,但艺术家所作的是对天地大美的临摹,这是诗意的判断。特定的审美情趣与艺术思维方式的形成,是个历史的过程。中国画家找到了表现自己心灵的方法,也养成了这个民族特殊的审美习惯,成为他们的集体记忆。民族文化的振兴是国家兴旺发达的前提,一个国家和民族的科学发展也离不开这个前提。

Science and art are two different fields. But there are some similarities between scientists and artists, because both of them try to achieve the concise source of the nature when they describe it. To be concise is the goal of good painting and good mathematics. Both great artists and great scientists need excellent imagination, but the latter needs logic besides. So scientists are more rationalistic, while artists are more sensitive. Even now, it is necessary for artists to recognize and obey laws of the nature. In the opinion of Mr. Fan zeng, the mission of artists is not to discover the true status of nature or provide judgments of facts, but to describe the nature and its beauty and provide another kind of judgment which is called aesthetic judgment. The special way of aesthetics of Chinese artists, in which they show their feelings and ideas and educate the aesthetic sensibility of the people, is formed and constructed in Chinese history. It has become one part of Chinese traditional culture. And the rise of such culture is an important premise for the blooming of one nation and its science.