实践美学是抬高实践而贬低自由的美学——答徐碧辉研究员

Practical Aesthetics is the Aesthetics Which Praises Practice but Depreciate Freedom

徐碧辉的文章站在实践美学的立场上,对后实践美学关于审美是自由的生存方式、美学的逻辑起点建构、实践是人类异化的活动,审美是对这种异化活动的克服、自由与超越是人的本质等一系列命题提出质疑,并认为后实践美学的坚持者在对马克思主义美学的基本概念和范畴的理解与运用上都存在偏误。但是站在后实践美学的立场看,这些质疑与批评都刻意要把实践抬高为人的自由的活动,从而贬低人对自由与超越的追求,显示了实践美学的哲学观与历史观的陈旧与保守。这也启示人们,要推动当代中国美学的发展,正确的思想方法与基本的逻辑思维能力甚为必要,而要具备这两点,首先就要放弃对马克思主义崇拜式、教条式的阐释,应把它放在学术思想的历史中批判地理解;其次则要摆脱中国的实用理性的消极影响,提高哲学思维的能力。

According to the standpoint of practical aesthetics, Xu Bihui in her article questions a series of propositions of post-practical aesthetics such as the aesthetic is free existence, the construction of logical starting point for aesthetics, practice is the alienated activity in human being, the aesthetic is an elimination of the alienated activity, freedom and transcendence are the human nature, and she thinks that the advocators of post-practical aesthetics have made some deviation and mistakes about understanding and use of the basic concepts and categories of Marxist aesthetics. But from the viewpoints of post-practical aesthetics, Xu Bihui deliberately praises practice as a free human activity by these questions and criticisms, thereby belittling the pursuit of human being for freedom and transcendence, her standpoint shows the viewpoints of philosophy and history in practical aesthetics are outdated and conservative. It also gives us an inspiration that the correct ways of thinking and basic ability of logical thinking are indispensable for promoting the development of contemporary Chinese aesthetics. If we want to own the capability, firstly, we must abandon the worshipful and dogmatic interpretations of Marxism and should critically understand Marxism in the history of academic thought, and secondly, we should avoid the negative impact of Chinese pragmatic rationality, improve the ability of philosophical thinking.