可持续竞争优势理论的反思与整合

A Reflection and Integration of the Sustainable Competitive Advantage Theory

企业理论对竞争优势问题的研究主要集中在竞争优势的"源"、"内在逻辑"以及"可持续性"三个方面。其中,竞争优势的"可持续性"问题是当代战略管理研究的热点。国内外学者从不同角度对可持续竞争优势问题进行了研究,然而,传统理论基本上都是从单一角度出发来进行分析,难免失之偏颇。而且,多数理论都是建立在确定性环境的假设基础之上,当前企业竞争环境的日益动态复杂化已使得这一假设不再成立,从而将传统的可持续竞争优势理论置入了尴尬的境地。这一研究领域迫切需要一个系统地、多元的、适应当前动态复杂性环境特征的理论框架作为指导。通过对竞争优势理论流派进行逻辑梳理与反思,可以发现诸多理论之间的脉络与不足之处。如果从产生基础、跃迁动力和跃迁路径三个维度来分析可持续竞争优势的获得,则可以搭建出一个系统的、整合的可持续竞争优势分析框架。

The ＂sustainability＂ of competitive advantages has been a core issue of modern strategic management research. Scholars have studied on the issue of sustainable competitive advantage from different perspectives. However, the traditional theories are basically starting from one certain perspective, and most theories are built on the assumption of certainty environment. Nowadays, competition environment of the enterprises are increasingly dynamic and complex, thus make the assumption of certainty environment no longer reasonable, which challenges the traditional sustainable competitive advantage theories. Based on the review and reflection of the theory jungles about competitive advantage, and then integrated the traditional theories, a dynamic system model can be made as a framework. This model analysis the sustainable competitive advantages in a dynamic and complex environment from three dimensions： foundations, transition powers and transition paths, thus establish an integrated theory framework for sustainable competitive advantage.