胡塞尔现象学的理论开端

Theoretical beginning of Husserl's phenomenology

胡塞尔的现象学由于其独特的思维方式和思想多变性常常令人不易理解。对胡塞尔现象学的理论开端进行审视,是把握他的思想脉络的一个重要途径。本文从三个方面对胡塞尔现象学的开端进行了分析:第一,现象学的总体特征是思维的直观性,追求"面对实事本身";第二,现象学的逻辑起点是反对自然主义和心理主义,坚持一种观念主义的立场;第三,意向性是现象学的理论出发点和基础概念,澄清意向性的三结构:自我、意向对象、意向活动,有助于深入理解整个胡塞尔现象学的内涵。

Husserl＇s phenomenology is not easy to understand with its unique thinking mode and variety, and a tentative study of the theoretical beginning of Husserl＇s phenomenology is important for understanding his theory. This article analyzes the beginning of Husserl＇s phenomenology in three aspects. Firstly, Husserl^s phenomenology is generally characterized by visualizability which seeks to face the fact as it is. Secondly, the logical starting point of Husserl＇s phenomenology is antinaturalism and antipsychologism because ideastism is the foundation of his phenomenology. Thirdly, the theory of intentionality is the theoretical starting point and basic concept of Husserl＇s phenomenology, and to clarify the structure of intentionality that includes ego, noema and noesis is helpful to understand the essence of Husserl＇s phenomenology.