2006年宁夏地区宾馆饭店集中空调通风系统卫生学调查

Investigation and Analysis of Health Status on Ventilating System in Air Condition in Hotel and Restaurants of Ningxia Area

目的为了解我区宾馆饭店集中空调通风系统污染状况及卫生监测指标变化趋势,为监测分析和卫生管理提供依据。方法随机抽取2006年宁夏银川市、吴忠市、石嘴山市23家宾馆饭店集中空调通风系统,现场调查和检测冷却塔水中嗜肺军团菌、空调送风中可吸入颗粒物、细菌总数和空调风管中积尘量、细菌总数含量。结果23家空调系统的116个检测点中,可吸入颗粒物超标52.17%;细菌总数均值全部超标;风管内表面积尘量均无超标;细菌总数超标21.74%;冷却水嗜肺军团菌检出率33.33%。空调系统污染地区间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各项检测指标2006年与2004、2005年比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论宁夏地区公共场所集中空调通风系统污染较为严重,应加强对集中空调通风系统的卫生管理,做好清洗消毒工作。

Objective To explore the contamination situation and change trend of health survey index of ventilating system in air condition and to provide basis to analysis of health survey and hygiene management. Methotis 23 hotels and restaurants with ventilating system in air condition in Yinchuan,Wuzhong and Shizuishan City were randomly selected. The legionella in cooling tower water, PM10, and the dust volume of internal surfaces of pipes and aerobic bacterial count were investigated and monitered. Results Of 116 surveys places from 23 hotels and restaurants of air conditioning system, 52.17% PM10 , 100 % the total average of aerobic bacterial count and 21.74% aerobic bacterial count overproofed. The dust volume of internal surfaces of pipes was nor mal. The contamination of air conditioning system in different districts had not significant differences（ P 〉 0.05）. The positive rote of legionella was 33.33 %. The results showed that health survey index of air conditioning system showed significant differences（ P 〈 0.01 ） among 2004,2005,2006. Conclusion The results indicate that the contamination of air conditioning system is serious in Ningxia area. The hygiene management and disinfection must be enhanced and strengthened.