闭合循环水产养殖车间水处理核心单元的处理效率

The effects of several water-treatment units in a recirculating aquaculture system

采用常用的闭合循环养殖车间水处理技术（包括生物过滤技术、固液分离技术、臭氧（紫外线）消毒技术、蔬菜水载培技术）处理养鱼用水，通过测定几项常见的水质指标，研究了这几种核心技术在生产中实际应用的效果。结果表明：生物过滤器对进水中总氨氮（TNH3-N）、NO2-N、COD的一次性去除率分别为44．79％、20．31％、20．10％；开启泡沫分离-臭氧装置对TNH3-N、NO2-N的去除率分别为39％和38．1％；仅开启泡沫分离器时，试验装置对TNH3-N、NO2-N的去除率分别为42．45％和24．71％；蔬菜水培渠对TNH3-N的一次性去除率最高可达57．46％，对磷酸盐、COD都有较明显的去除效果。系统运转140d，养殖用水水质保持在TNH3-N〈1．5mg／L、NO2-N〈0．8mg／L的水平。试验期间，暗纹东方纯Fugu obscurus的生长状况良好，平均每尾增重50-90g，饲料系数平均为1．8，成活率平均为85％。

The reuse of the water is critical in a recirculating aquaculture. There are several treatment methods such as biofilter, suspended skimmer protein, and hydroponic vegetables channel. The results showed that the removal rates of total ammonia （ TNH3 - N）, nitrite nitrogen （ NO2 - N） by a biofilter lump - sum and chemical oxygen demand （COD） were 44.79% , 20.31% ,and 20. 1%, respectively. With ozone, the rates were 42.45% and 24.71%, respectively; the removal rate ofTNH3 -N, and NO2 -N were 39% and 38.1% for the protein skimmer. Without ozone the hydroponic vegetable had the maximal removal rate of ammonia - N, nitrite - N, nitrate - N, total-N, phosphate-P and COD of 57.46%, 51.72%, 3.7%, 10.67%, 9.72% and 21.78%, respectively. During the experimental period （ 140 days）, the concentration of TNH3 - N in tanks was kept in lower level （ less than 1.5 mg/L） and the concentration of NO2 - N kept at less than 0.8 mg/L.