大跨径桥梁综合评估中的不确定型层次分析法

Uncertain Type of AHP Method in Comprehensive Assessment of Long Span Bridge

针对传统的层次分析法(AHP)的缺陷,在大型桥梁综合评估中引入不确定型层次分析法,并首次将最优传递矩阵法应用到大跨径桥梁的综合评估中,介绍了该方法的基本概念以及解决问题的步骤。将不确定型层次分析法和最优传递矩阵法应用于哈尔滨松花江斜拉桥的综合评估中,建立了该桥的综合评估模型,确定了评估指标的权重并得到该桥最终的综合评估值。结果表明,该方法能够较为全面地考虑影响桥梁安全性和耐久性的主要因素,反映桥梁的综合状况;并能够更好地反映桥梁评估中的模糊性和不确定性,很好地表达桥梁专家的意见。且采用最优传递矩阵法得到的评估指标的权重可信度强、准确度高。因此,不确定型层次分析方法得到的评估结果可靠、适用,从而确保了桥梁的安全与通畅。

In view of the defects of the traditional analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, the uncertain type of AHP was adopted in the comprehensive assessment of long span bridges. The improving optimal transitive matrix method was first applied to the comprehensive assessment of long span bridges, and the basic concept and steps of solving problems of this method were introduced. Furthermore, the uncertain type of AHP and optimal transitive matrix method were applied to the comprehensive assessment of Harbin Songhua River Cable-stayed Bridge, then a comprehensive assessment model were built, and the weights of assessment indices were fixed and the final comprehensive assessment results were obtained. The results indicate that, this method can fully consider the major factors of safety and endurance and reflect the comprehensive status of bridges; besides, it can reflect the uncertainty and fuzziness of long span bridge assessment better than traditional AHP, and express the opinions of bridge experts easily. The higher reliability and accuracy of index weight can be achieved by using the optimal transitive matrix method to calculate interval number judgment matrix. Thus, the comprehensive assessment results are proved to be credible and practical by uncertain type of AHP, and the safety and straightway of bridges are insured.