经济转轨度的比较研究--兼论中俄经济转轨度

A Comparative Study of Economic Transition ——On Sino-Russian economic transition

目前,研究领域通常采用"市场化程度"或"经济自由化程度"来描述一个国家经济转轨实现市场经济的程度。事实上,经济转轨既同市场化或自由化程度有一定联系,更有较大的差别,因此应该用转轨度来衡量国家的经济转轨。转轨度目标体系由三个基本维度组成,即契约主导的制度、行政主导的制度和国民权利与自由。转轨度的起点和终值的确定更需要根据不同国家的历史进程来具体确定,这里以德国为参照国进行分析。比较中俄两国的经济转轨,从转轨度的三个维度来看,中国转轨度远高于俄罗斯,表明了渐进型转轨优于激进式的改革。

Currently 'the degree of marketization' or 'the degree of economic liberalization' is generally applied in the field of economic research to describe the degree of a country's economic transit to market economy. Though economic transit is related to marketization or liberalization, there are differences between the two. Therefore, the degree of transition should be used to measure the economic transition of a country. The target system of the degree of transition consists of three basic dimensions: the contract-oriented system, the administration-oriented system and the citizen's rights and freedom. The starting point and the ultimate value of economic transition need to be specified based on a country's historical process. Compared with Russian economic transition in three dimensions, China's degree of economic transition is higher than that of Russia, which means that the gradual transition is superior to radical reform.