公共建筑内群体疏散方法的探讨

Exploration into the Evacuation of Crowds in Public Buildings

笔者将当前公共建筑内的群体疏散的研究成果归纳为两大类:一是比较成熟的4种代表性成果,如元胞自动机模型、格子气模型、社会力模型和流体动力学模型;二是近年来具有革新意义的3种创新性研究视角,即从agent模拟技术角度、从生物实验角度和从博弈论角度。分析成果各自的独特性和适用性,提出未来研究趋势:必将是基于多种模型组合基础上的、多种思想融入的、充分考虑反映人群行为与心理的因素的复杂性系统。同时指出博弈论在群体疏散的研究将是未来的一个亮点。

The research achievements about crowd evacuation from public buildings are divided into two categories：one is the four representative achievements,such as cellular automata models,lattice gas models,social force models and fluid dynamic models.The other is the current three innovative research angles,namely,from the angles of agent-based models,biological experiments and game theory.Then,their traits and applicability are analyzed.It is pointed out that the research on crowd evacuation from public buildings is certain to be trending toward complex system that is incorporated with multi-model and multi-idea,and fully reflects the behavior and psychology of crowd.The application of game theory to mass evacuation would be a new light spot.