浅析TRIPs协议对商标与地理标志冲突的解决思路——兼评美国诉欧共体2081/92号条例一案

On the TRIPs Solution to the Conflict between Trademark and Geographic Indication——With Analysis on EC-Trademarks and Geographical Indications(the DISPUTE DS174)

商标与地理标志同为TR IPs协议保护的知识产权,但由于两者均为标记性的知识产权,因此在使用中不免发生冲突,TR IPs协议对两者的冲突时的保护规则也作出了一些的规定。本文从TR IPs协议对商标与地理标志冲突发生冲突的解决原则谈起,着重分析了在先商标与地理标志发生冲突时的保护原则的模糊规定,通过对美国诉欧共体2081/92号条例一案中各方观点(尤其是专家组观点)的阐述,指出在先商标与地理标志发生冲突时,一般情况下在先商标优先于地理标志受到保护,并分析了其对受里斯本协定保护的地理标志的影响。

Trademark and geographic indication are intellectual property rights, both of which are protected by TRIPs. As both are carrying the function of indication, conflict between these two kinds of fights is due to occur. TRIPs have laid down certain rules for solution of these conflicts. This paper starts with what has been stipulated for such solution in TRIPs with emphasis on the vague stipulations with regard to the conflict between prior trademark and geographic indication. The case of EC - Trade- marks and Geographical Indications （the DISPUTE DSl74） is illustrated for clarifying the point that as a general rule, priority is given to prior trademark for protection. Analysis is also given on the influence of this case to the geographic indication protected by Lisbon Agreement.