1951～2005年凤山县疟疾资料分析

An Analysis of the Historical Data for Malaria in Fengshan County from 1951 to 2005

[目的]了解风山县疟疾流行状况，制定并实施防治方案，最终达到消灭疟疾的标准。[方法]对凤山县1951～2005年疟疾发病与监测资料进行分析。[结果]风山县9个乡镇均为疟疾流行区，年均发病率1951～1970年为191．42／10万，1993～2005年为5．47／10万；1972年消灭内源性恶性疟，1989年常住居民发病率降至4．10／10万，1992年达到基本消灭疟疾标准（2．86／10万），1998年后未检出内源性疟疾。传播媒介以中华按蚊和微小按蚊为主。19802005年合计血检常住人口发热病人214836人次，阳性率为0．35％；1995～2005年血检流动人口5396人次，阳性率为1．06％。1999~2005年疟疾抗体检测定点居民3714人，阳性率为0．13％。[结论]疟疾疫情逐步下降，已达到基本消灭标准。

[Objective]To understand the current epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Fengsha county so as to develop the effective scheme of prevention and control and eliminate malaria eventually. [Methods]The monitoring data for malaria during 1951-2005 in Fengshan was used for trend analysis. [Results]All the 9 towns in Fengshan were the epidemic areas of malaria. The average annual incidence during 1951-1970 was 191.42 per 100 000 population. For the period of 1993-2005,the average annual incidence was 5.47 per 100 000 population. In 1972, the malignant endogenous malaria was eradicated. The incidence of malaria was reduced to 4.10 per 100 000 population in 1989. The goal to eradieate malaria was achieved in 1992 in essence. No endogenous malaria case has been detected after 1998. Chinese anopheles and exiguous anopheles are the main vectors of malaria in Fengshan. During 1980-2005,214 836 blood tests were conducted in Fengshan,and the positive rate was 0.35%;5 396 blood tests were performed in the floating population,with the positive rate of 1.06%. In the fixed places, 3 714 residents received the antibody test, with the positive rate of 0.13 %. [Conclusion] The epidemic of malaria has gradually become weaker in the past 55 years and the expected goal to eradicate malaria has been attained in general in Fengshan.