农药氰戊菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传损伤

Genotoxicity of Fenvalerate and Cyhalothrin on Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba

采用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究了农药氰戊菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传损伤.测定了不同浓度氰戊菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯(5×10-10～5×10-2g·L-1)诱导下的蚕豆根尖细胞微核率、有丝分裂指数和染色体畸变率.结果表明,氰戊菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯均能诱发较高的微核率,在一定浓度范围内,微核率随两种农药处理浓度的升高而增加,但随着处理浓度的进一步升高微核率反而呈下降趋势;两种农药均可使蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数增大;并能诱导蚕豆根尖细胞产生较高频率、多种类型的染色体畸变.氰戊菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的遗传毒性.

The genotoxicity of Fenvalerate and Cyhalothrin on root tip cells of Vicia faba was studied. Micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration assay were used to determine the mitotic index, the micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration frequency of root tip cells of Vicia faba which were induced by different concentrations of Fenvalerate and Cyhalothrin （5×10^-105×10^-2g·L^-1）. Results showed that Fenvalerate and Cyhalothdn could induce the micronucleus rate of root tip cells of Vicia faba. Within a certain range of concentrations, the rate of micronucleus increased with the increase of the concentrations of Fenvalerate and Cyhalothrin, but beyond this range the rate or micronucleus decreased with the further increase of the concentrations of Fenvalerate and Cyhalothrin. Fenvalerate and Cyhalothrin could increase the cell mitosis index and induce various types of chromosome aberration.