节点边际电价线性规划模型分析

Analysis of Locational Marginal Price Model Based on Linear Programming

文章通过对节点电价线性规划模型分析指出,节点电价包含电能生产成本,阻塞成本和网损成本,能反映系统运行中各市场参与者对网络损耗和系统阻塞的影响,能提供合理的经济信号引导发电投资和系统运行。网损系数是节点电价线性规划模型中的关键因素,实际市场中通常采用固定平衡节点的网损微增法计算网损系数。文章通过IEEE14节点和IEEE30节点算例分析指出网损微增法计算的网损系数对系统平衡节点选取存在依赖性,由此产生的网损估计误差将造成系统安全隐患和市场公平性争议,影响电力系统安全运行和电力市场稳定运营。

Locational marginal price （LMP） model based on linear programming is studied. The LMP is composed of three parts, the production cost of electricity power, congestion cost and network loss cost. The LMP can reflect congestion responsibility and loss contribution of each market participant. Furthermore, it provides rational economic signals for generation investment and system operation. The loss factor plays a critical role in LMP model. Usually, a fixed swing bus approach is used for determining loss caused by marginal increment and decrement of the output of the generator. Numerical analysis on IEEE 14 and IEEE30 buses systems show that the values of loss factors calculated from above approach depend on the selection of the swing bus. So it has great impact on the security of power system operation and the fairness of market settlement.